When choosing wood for outdoor benches, longevity is paramount. The fundamental difference lies in botanical classification: hardwoods come from deciduous trees, while softwoods come from coniferous evergreens. This distinction directly impacts durability.
Hardwoods like teak, ipe, and white oak are naturally dense and contain oils and resins that resist moisture, insects, and decay. Teak, for instance, can last decades outdoors with minimal care. Its tight grain and natural oils make it remarkably weather-resistant. However, hardwoods are typically more expensive and heavier.
Softwoods like cedar, redwood, and pressure-treated pine are less dense but can still offer good longevity when properly maintained. Cedar and redwood contain natural tannins that deter rot and insects. Pressure-treated pine is infused with preservatives, significantly extending its life. However, softwoods generally require more frequent sealing or staining to prevent weathering, checking, and warping over time.
For maximum longevity with low maintenance, dense hardwoods are superior. They inherently withstand the elements. Softwoods offer a cost-effective solution but demand a consistent maintenance schedule to achieve a long lifespan. Your choice ultimately balances budget, desired maintenance level, and the specific climate your bench will endure.