Determining the right number of benches for a new plaza isn't about arbitrary rules; it's a strategic balance of social science, design, and data. The process begins with understanding the *people*. Conduct a pedestrian traffic analysis of the area. How many people will pass through? How many are likely to linger—shoppers, office workers, tourists, or residents? A common starting point is to provide seating for 10-30% of the projected peak hourly users, but this is just a baseline.
Next, zone your plaza by intended activity. High-traffic transit corridors need limited, strategically placed seating for brief pauses. Primary social hubs and areas with prime views demand denser, grouped benches to encourage conversation and longer stays. Quiet zones benefit from isolated benches for solitude. Remember, seating variety is crucial. Incorporate different types—fixed benches, movable chairs, ledge seating, and steps—to cater to diverse needs and create organic flexibility.
Crucially, apply the principle of "choice and comfort." People need options to sit in sun or shade, in groups or alone, facing activity or watching quietly. Observe natural desire lines and pause points; seating here will always be more successful. Finally, integrate inclusivity. Ensure ample space for wheelchairs and mobility aids within seating clusters, making social participation seamless. The right number isn't a single figure; it's the result of layering these considerations to create a plaza that feels intuitively welcoming, lively, and comfortably used by all.