Thank you for your important question regarding security in public spaces. It's a common concern for many communities and property managers. Yes, there are specific bench designs intended to discourage prolonged lying and sleeping. These are often referred to as "anti-sleep" or "defensive" benches.
A primary feature is the inclusion of individual armrests dividing the seating area. These prevent a person from lying down across the bench. Some designs feature center armrests or even multiple, sculpted individual seats. The goal is to maintain seating functionality while removing the flat, continuous surface.
Other design elements include sloped seating surfaces, which are subtly angled to make lying down uncomfortable over time. Materials like thermally conductive metals can also be used, which become very cold or hot, further discouraging lengthy stays.
It's crucial to address that this approach is part of a broader architectural practice sometimes called "hostile" or "defensive architecture." While it can be effective for specific security goals—such as preventing encampments, loitering, or maintaining access for all intended users—it also raises ethical questions. Critics argue it can unfairly target homeless populations and reduce overall public comfort.
A balanced solution often involves a multi-faceted strategy. This can include installing these purpose-designed benches in areas of particular concern, while providing ample standard seating elsewhere. Ultimately, the most secure and vibrant public spaces are those that are actively used and cared for by the entire community, supported by thoughtful design and comprehensive social services.