We understand the challenge of loitering and unwanted sleeping on public benches. This is a common concern for many property managers and city planners seeking to maintain accessible yet orderly public spaces. Fortunately, specific design strategies can subtly discourage prolonged lying down without completely removing seating options for legitimate users.
The core principle involves designing benches that are comfortable for short-term sitting but deliberately uncomfortable or impractical for lying down. Here are some effective design approaches:
1. Individual Seats with Armrests: Benches are divided into individual seating segments by adding fixed armrests. These armrests prevent a person from stretching out across the entire bench length.
2. Sloped or Curved Surfaces: A slightly sloped or convex seat surface makes it difficult and unstable for someone to lie down, while still being acceptable for sitting.
3. Segmented or Single-Person Benches: Installing multiple individual seats (like concrete or metal stools) or very short benches instead of long, continuous ones removes the horizontal space needed for sleeping.
4. Strategic Mid-Bench Barriers: Incorporating planters, decorative dividers, or even waste bins into the middle of a bench bench breaks up the sleeping surface.
5. Materials and Finishes: Using materials like thermally conductive metals (very hot or cold depending on weather) can provide a passive deterrent.
This practice is often referred to as "hostile architecture" or "defensive design." It's important to consider the ethical and social implications. The goal should be a balanced solution that preserves public seating for community use while addressing specific behavioral issues, rather than outright excluding all vulnerable individuals. Consulting with community stakeholders and considering complementary measures—like providing dedicated social services or designated rest areas—can lead to a more comprehensive and humane approach to urban space management.